Ralph Waldo Emerson And His Impact On American Literature

2016 Ralph Waldo Emerson and his impact on American Literature Up until the 1800’s American Literature was mostly focused around the stories that told American History, and of poems that were written in America with a European writing style. No one ever wrote about the cultures in the Middle East or Asia. Instead it was focused around what had happened over here. However, an American author named Ralph Waldo Emerson would change what America wrote about. Influenced by western Culture Ralph Waldo Emerson was a striking author and speaker who impacted the Transcendentalist. Emerson was born on May 25, 1803 in Boston Massachusetts (Ralph, Waldo Emerson). He was the son of Ruth Haskins a strong Anglican, and William Emerson who was a strong liberal (The New Encyclopedia Britannica pg.473). On May 12 1811 William Emerson died of stomach cancer (Myerson). This left Ruth to care for her eight children with little money (Myerson). Luckily Ralph Emerson was able to attend Boston Latin School in 1812, and graduated in 1817 (Myerson). Right after he graduated from school, he went to Harvard at the age of fourteen (Ralph, Waldo Emerson). During this time, he started to keep a daily journal in 1820 (Myerson). This journal was one of the first writings he did in his life. A year later he graduated from Harvard, and started to teach at a young ladies school in 1822 (Myerson). In 1825, he went back to Harvard to study theology and divinity (Myerson). Later that year he became the ministerShow MoreRelated Ralph Waldo Emerson Essay1326 Words   |  6 PagesRalph Waldo Emerson Ralph Waldo Emerson was born on May 25, 1803 in Boston, Massachusetts. Early in his life, Emerson followed in the footsteps of his father and became minister, but this ended in 1832 when he felt he could no longer serve as a minister in good conscience. He experienced doubts about the Christian church and its doctrine. These reservations were temporarily alleviated by his brief association with Unitarianism, but soon Emerson became discontent with even their decidedlyRead MoreEssay on The Influence of Ralph Waldo Emerson995 Words   |  4 PagesChris Schlegel 6/18/08 English 245 American Literature I Dr. Calendar Primary Source Paper The Influence of Ralph Waldo Emerson Ralph Waldo Emerson is considered by many as one of the most respected and widely known authors in the history of American literature. From his famous book â€Å"Nature†, to his various essays, poems and lectures, Emerson’s collection of works maintain an authentic diverse style that separated him from other authors. The confidenceRead MoreThe Philosophy of Transcendentalism Essay1292 Words   |  6 Pagesnature and God while making the possibility of social change a reality. Ralph Waldo Emerson was the leading American transcendentalist whose theories were a primary influence in transcendentalist thought and writing. Through the knowledge and direction of Ralph Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne and Henry David Thoreau also became leading scholars of their time by means of their influence on early American intellectual history and literature. â€Å"Transcendentalists were influenced by romanticism, particularlyRead MoreRalph Waldo Emerson s Nature1364 Words   |  6 PagesRalph Waldo Emerson s Nature This paper discusses four literary elements in Ralph Waldo Emerson s work, entitled Nature. It is an essay that attempts to make people establish a deeper bond with nature and accept it for what it is. Men continually becomes busy with daily lives because of modern advancements and increasing number of endeavors. In the process, they tend to ignore nature and forget giving back to it by being ungrateful of its generosity. Various perspectives were discussed inRead More The American Renaissance Essay1168 Words   |  5 PagesThe American Renaissance period, circa 1876-1917, heralded a new sense of nationalism with a pride linking to a spirit akin to Greek democracy, the rule of Roman law, and a cultural and educational reform movement often referred to as Renaissance humanism. This American nationalism focused on the expression of modernism, technology, and academic classicism. Renaissance technological advancements include wire cables supporting the Brooklyn Bridge in the State of New York, along with cultural advancementsRead MoreTranscendentalism, Realism, Naturalism, And Existentialism- Shaped The Advancement Of American Literature1486 Words   |  6 Pagesshaped the advancement of American literature. They were considered to be theoretical and political philosophies which held important positions in the development of modern literature. The original authors, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Mark Twain, Lawrence Sargent Hall, and Jerome David Salinger, presented works inspiring new perspectives and social outlooks upon reality and it’s offerings. Through characterizing the progress of the philosophies, the development of American literature is explained. TranscendentalismRead MoreThe Emergence Of Self Concept1489 Words   |  6 PagesThe Emergence of Self Throughout our history the idea of self has developed and proved to be a dominant concept that Americans have come to understand. Not defined or found in lineage, religion, or history, the concept of self is defined by a collection of values. These values and principles are rooted in individualism, self-actualization, and self-reliance where people are able to fulfill their own destiny and believe in the promise that through ward work and determination life can be differentRead MoreWhat Do People Have Know About Ralph Waldo Emerson1424 Words   |  6 Pagesdo people already know about Ralph Waldo Emerson that has not been already researched? Regarding his place in the history of American Literature, he was a rather regarded man, especially in the beginning of the Transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He is often described as â€Å"†¦the writer with whom numerous other significant writers of the time sought to come to terms† (211). If students wanted to complete research about him, they should not just read his work, they should immerse themselvesRead MoreEnvironmental Movements in the United States Essay1019 Words   |  5 Pagescourse of history, Americans have repeatedly confronted oppression, both foreign and national, through various wars and rights movements. Unfortunately, when it comes to environmental issues the average American has grown increasingly complacent. With a renewed urgency, government is working to combat global warming, but lacks the necessary social backing. This social support could be supplied through a new environmental movement that differs from past efforts. Throughout American history there haveRead More The Use of Symbols in Adrienne Richs Poem, Aunt Jennifers Tigers818 Words   |  4 Pagesan important value in the United States that most people are not willing to give up. Ralph Waldo Emerson, a writer who lived in the 1800s, reminded Americans of their rights of liberty at a time when many people started to conform to established norms. H e voiced his opinions about the loss of freedom and invited society to realize that they were relinquishing their rights. Years later, his views still had an impact on citizens. Adrienne Rich, a poet of the mid-1900s, also found her autonomy a necessity

The Handmaid s Tale, By Margaret Atwood And The Lord Of...

In both novels, The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood and The Lord of The Flies by William Golding, the three protagonists strive in better comprehending how their current situations/environments and interactions have shaped them into the individuals they have become. In the Handmaid’s Tale, the protagonist, Offred struggles in expressing her ideas, views, and opinions especially in regards to feminism and gender equality. She must speak within imaginary boundaries and limits so that she avoids facing consequences for speaking out against the patriarchal white male Christian society. Her identity is shrouded by the â€Å"brainwashing† of women and through the rigidity and strict regime of this â€Å"oligarchy†. For example, in her society every person in the social hierarchy from unwomen all the way to the commander are defined and distinguished by the color they wear. Hence, the Commander wears black, the commander’s wife blue, the marthaâ₠¬â„¢s green, and the handmaid’s red.Furthermore, their speech is also limited in that they must answer with the same mundane â€Å"praise be† to everything spoken to them. In a way, Offred can viewed as a puppet for Gilead because she must act according to society. Society governs when she eats, how she dresses, when she gets to leave the house, when she can visit the doctor, when she can bathe and when she can have sex. Society wants women to have no opinions or ideas for themselves. However, Offred still tries to maintain her identity and senseShow MoreRelatedThomas More s Utopia?1464 Words   |  6 Pages7,1478 he was the son of John More, A well known Lawyer. When Thomas was little he went to St.Anthony s School in London. Thomas was a page in the household of John Marton . From then on Thomas More s went on to Oxford University. Around 1494 Thomas Dad took him to London to study in what was known as common law. In February 1496 , More was admitted into Lincol n s inn. In 1505 Thomas More s became a full on lawyer and by this time he managed to keep up with his literary and spiritual interest

Project Context Human Resource Management

Question: Discuss about theProject Contextfor Human Resource Management. Answer: Introduction I would like to be a HR manager in my future professional life. In the current course, I have learnt about the management of the international business. I have come to know that the management of the human resource in the international business is one of the most important and challenging jobs for the HR managers. In order to manage the human resource of the business organizations, the critical thinking power of the managers is very important. In my professional life, I want apply the critical thinking power for the management of the employees in the area of the international business management. Different aspects of the international business management have been studied by me in this academic course. These will help me to efficiently handle the responsibilities of an HR manager in the practical field. In order to be a professional HR manager in the future life, I need to know all the aspects of the employee management and the way of motivating them in the workplace. HR managers have strategic and functional responsibilities for all of the HR disciplines. An HR manager has the expertise of an HR generalist associated with the general business and management skills required for the concerned business organization (Morgeson et al. 2013). In order to manage the employees properly, the HR manager need to develop and use an efficient employee relations strategy. An efficient employee relations strategy contains specific steps for ensuring the overall well-being of employees (Alfes et al. 2013). It also ensures that employees have a safe working environment, free from discrimination and harassment. In this context, the management of the employees associated with the international business need be understood well for being an efficient HR manager. The HR managers create vital answers for meet workforce requests and work drive patterns. A business chief really directs the enrolment and determination forms; in any case, a HR director is fundamentally in charge of choices identified with corporate marking as it identifies with enlisting and holding capable workers. For instance, a human asset chief in a social insurance firm may utilize his or her insight about nursing deficiencies to build up a methodology for representative maintenance, or for keeping up the current staffing levels (Hau et al. 2013). The system may incorporate building up a motivating force program for medical attendants or furnishing medical caretakers with broadly educating so they can get to be distinctly affirmed in various claims to fame to end up distinctly more profitable to the association. While considering the international business HR manager, the motivation of the employees is very important for them (Jackson et al. 2014). An efficient HR manager should understand the requirements of the employees while thinking about the business needs of the corresponding business organization. The basic needs of the employees need to be considered with highest priority by the HR manager. In case of international workforce, the HR managers need to think about some additional benefits of the employees for motivating them in their work. The HR managers also need to focus in the area of the different culture of the subsidiaries of the organization as it plays a vital role in the employee motivation. References: Alfes, K., Shantz, A.D., Truss, C. and Soane, E.C., 2013. The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: a moderated mediation model.The international journal of human resource management,24(2), pp.330-351. Buller, P.F. and McEvoy, G.M., 2012. Strategy, human resource management and performance: Sharpening line of sight.Human resource management review,22(1), pp.43-56. Hau, Y.S., Kim, B., Lee, H. and Kim, Y.G., 2013. The effects of individual motivations and social capital on employees tacit and explicit knowledge sharing intentions.International Journal of Information Management,33(2), pp.356-366. Jackson, S.E., Schuler, R.S. and Jiang, K., 2014. An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management.The Academy of Management Annals,8(1), pp.1-56. Morgeson, F.P., Aguinis, H., Waldman, D.A. and Siegel, D.S., 2013. Extending corporate social responsibility research to the human resource management and organizational behavior domains: A look to the future.Personnel Psychology,66(4), pp.805-824.

Multicultural Psychology Acceptable and Unacceptable Behaviours

Introduction Multicultural psychology is the systematic approach to all kinds of humanities that occur in a multicultural environmental background. This means that people from different backgrounds encounter each other thereby creating an environmental setting that results in composite human behaviour. The multicultural aspect has been perceived by psychologists worldwide as the fourth force in the study of psychology.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Multicultural Psychology: Acceptable and Unacceptable Behaviours specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, it supplements such aspects as behaviourism and humanistic psychology. It is also worth noting that psychodynamic theories can be supplemented by the multicultural psychological aspects. Multicultural psychology concentrates on the differences in culture on the part of thoughts, accepted, and unacceptable behaviours. It is important to note that multicultu ral psychology does not only relate to the normal humanistic approaches but also focuses on the abnormal approaches. Brief History of Multicultural Psychology At various times in history, psychology has been defined as the study of the psyche or the mind of the spirit of consciousness. Recently, psychology has been described as the science of behaviour. The study of psychology is as old as the human species. Psychology can be understood to have began during the first studies of human cognitive experience such as those proposed by the early Greeks. The study also began during the attempts to account for dreams, mental illnesses and emotions, not forgetting fantasies. Many people have been engaged in developing the evolution of psychology. They include Plato and Aristotle who tried to account for such processes as memory, perception, and learning. Dating the age of psychology is very hard due to lack of past documentation. However, we can date the evolution of psychology thereby split ting this study to create multicultural psychology as one of the disciplines. However, to be precise, cultural psychology did not begin a long time ago. It was during the 1960s that it began. It then became prominent during the 1980s and 1990s.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many texts have been written since then. Some of the prominent psychological texts include Sweder and Levine written in 1984 and the recent ones such as Nisbett which was written in 2001. Multicultural psychology is therefore not an old phenomenon in a historical perspective. Rationale for Establishment of Multicultural Psychology as a Sub Specialty of Psychology There are a number of reasons why multicultural psychology has been established as a sub specialty of psychology. Psychology can be viewed in a wider sense as the science of habits and the mind set. On the other hand, multicultural psychology i s the science of the mind and behaviours in an environment that has a mixed set of cultural backgrounds. In addition, psychology is further split into many other sub topics that include biological, clinical, cognitive, comparative development, and industrial-organizational aspects among many others. Social psychology also falls in this category. As a matter of fact, social psychology is closely related to multicultural psychology in the primary sense of relationships between groups and people. Multicultural Psychology and Social Psychology When people talk about social psychology, they imply to that kind of psychology that relates to people and groups. In a multicultural sense, social psychology takes a primary role in the sense that the interrelationship between the subjects is correlated. The two terms, that is, multicultural psychology and social psychology differ by a very small margin. This is because multicultural psychology deals with relationships in different cultural backg rounds while social psychology deals with the general relationships between groups and people (Friedman Schustack, 2009). It is pretty universal that people with particularly different personality traits may not co-work by virtue of contrasting interests in these characters. Nuclear qualities, personal dispositions, and cardinal dispositions in their personalities can be major factors which determine the workability of a certain combination of people and groups (Friedman Schustack, 2009). Thus, it is viable for people from the same backgrounds to work or relate together. This is because there will be fewer conflicts and chances of productivity within an organization or amongst a particular people will increase.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Multicultural Psychology: Acceptable and Unacceptable Behaviours specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Family Psychology and Cultural Diversity Culture just like fami ly has been recognized by many psychologists as an important context for understanding the individual. Cultural forces have an impact on the way in which family interacts in particular ways. It is important to understand the impact of the cultural forces on the family in order for one to know how to work with particular families. In a multicultural environment, common problems that are usually encountered are the adjustment of the thinking so that it corresponds with the cultural diversity. Modification of the understanding of the concept of embedness to include the influence of a culturally pluralistic environment on the family is therefore needed (Szapocnik Kurtines, 1993). Cultural diversity can have different effects on particular families. For instance, among certain immigrants in the United States, the culturally diverse environment results in the onset of dispute-laden intergenerational acculturation differences in which the parents develop different cultural alliances with the youths. This is the result of the study that was conducted by the American psychological association among the Americans and Hispanics (Szapocnik Kurtines, 1993). Culture is important especially on a contextual perspective because it serves to represent an aspect that aids in the comprehension of human behaviours in different environments. Formulation and implementation of family-oriented intervention to propagate multicultural skills in all family members is therefore a necessary undertaking within a society (Friedman Schustack, 2009). It is important to note that no two individuals or groups of people can possess exactly similar characteristics. In a multicultural setting, this factor is further enhanced because of the polarized ideologies that exist between the groups in question. Industrial and Organizational Psychology This is the study of how people function in the work places and in different organizations in relation to the environment. This study entails issues such a s behavioural approaches, perceptions, feelings and cognitions in the humanistic aspects. Industrial and organizational psychology is also known as I-O psychology.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion From the above discussion, it is easy to conclude by saying that multicultural psychology is the systematic approach of all kinds of humanities that occur in a multicultural environmental background. Multicultural psychology does not only relate to the normal humanistic approaches but also focuses on the abnormal approaches. Multicultural psychology is a modern ideology that began in the 1960s. Since then, it has continued to evolve thereby causing many texts to be written even until the twenty first century. It is easier for people or groups from the same backgrounds to work or relate together than those from different backgrounds. This is because there will be fewer conflicts and chances of productivity within an organization or amongst a particular people will increase Reference List Friedman, H., Schustack, M. (2009). Personality: Classic Theories and Modern Research, Ed. 4. Boston: Allyn Bacon. Szapocnik, J., Kurtines, W. (1993). Family Psychology and Cultural Div ersity: Opportunities for Theory, Research, and Application. New York: American psychological association, Inc. This research paper on Multicultural Psychology: Acceptable and Unacceptable Behaviours was written and submitted by user Jair H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Symbolism And Plot

â€Å"Symbolism and Plot† Symbolism and plot are different from each other by definition; however, have a relationship towards each other when writing a story. If you understand the symbolism in a story, then you will absolutely understand the plot or the plan of events in a story. Symbolism is utilized as an enhancement tool to stress the plot of each story. Symbolism is used greatly in the short stories â€Å"Chrysanthemums† by John Steinbeck, and â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson; therefore, symbolism has a tendency to influence the plot in both short stories. The short stories both share the use of symbols, but the symbols are used to express different thoughts in ones mind while reading them. Many examples of symbolism are given to influence the plot in John Steinbeck’s short story, â€Å"The Chrysanthemums.† He uses the flowers to symbolize the main character’s thoughts and ideas. For example, Elisa Allen is a lonely woman who enjoys growing and nourishing her chrysanthemums. Since her husband is always working the cattle in their farm, she never has enough attention or any kind of affection. The result of this dispassionate marriage leads Steinbeck to describe his main character as, â€Å"Her face lean and strong and her eyes were as clear as water. Her figure looked blocked and heavy in her gardening costume, a man’s black hat pulled low down over her eyes, clod-hopper shoes, a figured print dress almost completely by a big corduroy apron with four big pockets to hold the snips, the trowel and scratcher, the seeds and the knife she worked with†(Parker, Shroyer 88). This neglect from her husband causes her to turn her chrysanthemum s, of which she is very proud. Her husband’s remark, â€Å"I wish you’d work out in the orchard and raise some apples that big† (89), shows how little interest he has for her chrysanthemums. Elisa does not feel appreciated by her husband and so she takes care of her chrysanthemums, whi... Free Essays on Symbolism And Plot Free Essays on Symbolism And Plot â€Å"Symbolism and Plot† Symbolism and plot are different from each other by definition; however, have a relationship towards each other when writing a story. If you understand the symbolism in a story, then you will absolutely understand the plot or the plan of events in a story. Symbolism is utilized as an enhancement tool to stress the plot of each story. Symbolism is used greatly in the short stories â€Å"Chrysanthemums† by John Steinbeck, and â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson; therefore, symbolism has a tendency to influence the plot in both short stories. The short stories both share the use of symbols, but the symbols are used to express different thoughts in ones mind while reading them. Many examples of symbolism are given to influence the plot in John Steinbeck’s short story, â€Å"The Chrysanthemums.† He uses the flowers to symbolize the main character’s thoughts and ideas. For example, Elisa Allen is a lonely woman who enjoys growing and nourishing her chrysanthemums. Since her husband is always working the cattle in their farm, she never has enough attention or any kind of affection. The result of this dispassionate marriage leads Steinbeck to describe his main character as, â€Å"Her face lean and strong and her eyes were as clear as water. Her figure looked blocked and heavy in her gardening costume, a man’s black hat pulled low down over her eyes, clod-hopper shoes, a figured print dress almost completely by a big corduroy apron with four big pockets to hold the snips, the trowel and scratcher, the seeds and the knife she worked with†(Parker, Shroyer 88). This neglect from her husband causes her to turn her chrysanthemum s, of which she is very proud. Her husband’s remark, â€Å"I wish you’d work out in the orchard and raise some apples that big† (89), shows how little interest he has for her chrysanthemums. Elisa does not feel appreciated by her husband and so she takes care of her chrysanthemums, whi...

Free sample - Childrens Health. translation missing

Childrens Health. Children's HealthAccording to the auther the reason of this study is because of the emerging potential toxity in humans. The investigation done is on how urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolities is related to childrens intellectual functioning. He has taken a comprehensive study of elementary children in five cities in south Korea by taking a cross-section examination on   the urine phthalate concentrations on both the children and their mothers.   The findings show that they measured  Ã‚   â€Å"mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) and mono (2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP)† which are metabolies of â€Å" di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), and mono-nbutyl phthalate (MBP), a metabolite of dibutyl phthalate (DBP)† in the urine .   â€Å"The geometricmean (ln) concentrations of MEHP, MEOHP, and MBP were 21.3 ÃŽ ¼g/L [geometric SD (GSD) = 2.2 ÃŽ ¼g/L; range, 0.5-445.4], 18.0 ÃŽ ¼g/L (GSD = 2.4; range, 0.07-291.1), and 48.9 ÃŽ ¼g/L (GSD = 2.2; range, 2.1- 1645.5), respectively†. The chronological results show that the full scale IQ and verbal IQ were nagatively associated with DEHP but not   WITH DBP metabolities. The results of this finding   are very comprehensive as thay also show that there is a negative relationship between trhe children vocabulary use and the concentration of the urine. After an extensive marternal IQ controll the findings shw that a large inverse relationship between DEHP metabolities and the use of vocabulary also remained. There is a difference between boys and girls as boys show a negative association between increasing MEHP phthalate concentrations and the total sum of DEHP metabolite concentrations while girls   shown   had little or no association between these variables. Howevr the auther does not show clear evidence on the same and critical study in the field is highly required. In the methods of study the auther extensively talks of  Ã‚   a study conducted between april and october 2008 which was named â€Å" Effects of Pollution on Neurobehavioral Development and future Policies to Protect our children†. The study assessed different elements such as Lead, Mercury and manganese in the dlood as welll as neurocognitive functioning of children including attention and concentration together with   their general intelligence. So as to asses the childrens marternal IQ, their child developmental state, their mothers were also interviewed. The study was well formulated and carried out as mothers were   given quistionares which were to be filled on the details regarding the surrounding environment. The study had followed all the rules and regulations as it had been passed by â€Å"The Institutional Review Board of Seoul National University Hospital†.   Applications had been sent to elementary children and their mothers for them to participate i n the study and 667 children accompanied by their mothers turned in. While measuring childrens cognitive functioning, students were availed with a form,   â€Å"KEDI-WISC† which consisted   vocabularly, arithmetic, picture arrangement and block design tests. The form according to the auther is validated   with Korean children to use as a determiner of global estimates of intellectual functioning. Since the examiners in the study were not aware of the children IQ, they used   â€Å"Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (K-WAIS) â€Å" to their mothers while they were measuring   martenal cognitive function. The tests on this included   pure arrangement, vocalbulary use and block design tests.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On determining phthalate metabolites in urine   in the   study   â€Å"primary metabolite of dibutylphthalate, mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), andtwo secondary metabolites of DEHP, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate (MEOHP) were used†. Urine was collected using paper cups from   all the children who were subject to the study between nine and eleven in the morning. After collection, th urine was placed in containers   â€Å"(high-clarity polypropylene Falcon tubes)† and stored at –20 °C   untill the analyzation of the . Field blanks consisted of purified water. The are then brought to room temperature and vortexed after thawing.  Ã‚   Acritical and extensive of the methods used has been well shown in the study following all steps and explanation of the procedures. At all   this study has a critical and technical approach as it takes the   reader through all the steps used in the study. While doing the statistcal analysis the study, used t-tests of the students or â€Å"(ANOVAs)† for testing continues variables and the chisquare test for categorical mvariables. A comprehensive use of   linear regression analysis was used in the study to analyse the association between â€Å"urine phthalate (MEOHP,MEHP, and MBP) concentration and WISC IQ scores†. Since the distribution of the metabolite was skewed in the sample, log-transformed values were highly used. From the variables on the analysis carried out regression models have been built. Taking th IQ score as the primary dependent variable and the urine phthalate concentrations as the primary independent variables.   A set of covariates based on the predicators childrens cognitive functioning helped to perform the regression analysis.   After this study models have been improved on the developmental socioeconomic and IQ variables. The study however does not give us clear evidence on the martenal IQ as it present models with and without   the Martenal IQ. In the study all analysis were considered important. The study in their results analyzing the relationship between environmental exposure to phthalates and children’s IQ scores show that there is a negative association between IQ and urine phthalates in humans. The study is of great significance comparing it with other studies that have been done since its the first to show the above results. It is there true to say that a child’s IQ may be affected by genetic, educational, familial and social factors.however these results may contrast with any   observed association between the line of study and the income. To help readers nunderstand this , this study tried to determine whether â€Å"phthalates were inversely associated with children’scognition independent of potential confounders†. Before the study could adjust for martenal IQ, it found inverse relationships between â€Å"MEHP, MEOHP, and the sum of secondarymetabolites for DEHP and the children’sFSIQ, VIQ, and vocabulary and block design Scores † also vocabulary score was negatively associated with MBP. This study found that maternal IQ is one of the cofounders of children’s IQ. The study also found that adjusting for a confounder that has a stronger effect than the valuable of interest can most of the time lead to underratings in the true effect of this variable. Control for maternal IQ according to the study had a great impact on the effect size of the alliance between phthalates and IQ. It may act as a confounder especially if the maternal IQ and the level of phthalates in children   have a link to each other. It is noted that MIQ might have had an influence on the childrens environmental exposure to the substances which were to be seen on th level of phthalate metabolites.  Ã‚   All in all MIQ have effects on the children IQ, therefore affecting affecting the association between child IQ and phthalate level however the study revealed that after MIQ, MEHP, MEOHP, and the sum of secondary metabolites of DEHP had been adjusted there were inverse relationships with children’s vocabulary scores. We cannot at whtsoever means say that this study provided enough evidence of a definative association between phthalates with children’s IQ indipendent of MIQ because there could be a residual confounding of matarnal IQ. The study shows that children are of special concern regarding phthalate exposure due to their neurodevelopmental state. Also if they are subjected to neurotoxic agents, there is likelyhood that they will suffer due to critical periods of vulnerability for their developing nerves. Even after birth, Neurotoxic agents could disrupt the temporal and regional emergence of critical Developmental processes. Even if this study has most of advantages, it has some disadvantages. Atleast 16 phthalene metabolites in urine can be measured but in this study only three were measured which were limited to the specifications of the study. They measured three based on availability of standard , childrens likely exposure, and technical experience of the analysis. They only used one measurement, which may not have same results as when they would have in examining the level and severity of chronic exposure. Judging from a single spot-urine measurement could have given wrong answers, as it may not reflect long term-exposure since Phthalates are rapidly metabolized and excreted. However, on phthalate measurements over time according to other different studies, there is moderate consistency. The study assumes that when multiple experiments are consistent, then a single measurement reflects a typical measurement. Another limitation is that the study did not show results of maternal levels of exposure. Also the maternal IQ had a large effect size on the associations making it not possible to tell whether the quality of the home environment and stimulation provided in the home could be   potential confounders. This article is a succes as it gives the readers a clear picture of what was carried out , the mode of study, the evidence used, materials and methods. Many of the readers would get   the objectives of the writer and accesit according to his or her expectations. However, the study has been based on many assumptions making the reader to doubt its results. I would recommend that as you read this article it is critical that you have your objective of the findings and the discussion made by the writer keeping in mind that   it has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Recitatif Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Recitatif - Essay Example hildhood relationship, it is the difference in their race which ultimately comes between them and leads to the conflict in their dwindling relationship. The inactive character of Maggie, the mute lady who worked at the orphanage where the two first met, serves as a very active symbol through which the development of Twlya and Roberta’s racial separation can be traced (Androne 134). As children, the pair formed a strong friendship based on a shared background. During this time, race did not play a very central role beyond the difference in their physical appearance. In future recollections, neither can agree on the actual race of Maggie, which highlights the fact that racial identity was not an important factor during their time at the orphanage. Whereas Roberta asserts that Maggie was black, Twyla admits â€Å"I actually couldn’t be certain. She wasn’t pitch-black, I knew, or I would have remembered that. What I remember was the kiddie hat, and the semicircle legs,† (Morrison 2697). Instead, the vulnerability of Maggie’s character is what stands out to them as the hierarchal structure of the orphan age and fighting for their place in this, was their shared preoccupation during this time. Instead of the actual experience of the incident with Maggie in the orchard, it is in memories and shared recollections that the two consistently disagree on. As the two meet again, their racial separation slowly becomes a growing issue. They both live in different parts of a racially-segregated society and they each come to represent different economic classes, as each marry men of varying wealth and professional status. The significance of race manifests when the town becomes engaged in bussing activities and each takes an opposing position. Here, the two must embody their own racial identity which inevitably leads to a direct confrontation about their racial differences. These differences are deepened even further by their diverse socio-economic statuses. The ensuing

Operations Management Forecasting MAD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Operations Management Forecasting MAD - Essay Example Seasonal forecast takes into account the seasonal variations that occur during a specific time period. Seasonal variations are the regular ups and downs in a time series that relate to repetitive events such as holidays and weathers. Seasonal forecasting is very useful as it can be applied to hourly, daily, weekly, quarterly and yearly events. Seasonal forecasting can also be useful for the management of the organizations in order to plan the capacity so that the organization can handle peak loads. Analyzing the data in the form of quarterly or monthly values makes it easy to detect seasonal patterns by the organizations’ management. By using this forecasting technique, the Great Northwest Outdoor Company can easily estimate the demand for its orders in the all the seasons as demand for its item is seasonal. Exponential smoothing is defined as a weighted moving-average forecasting method in which data points are weighted by an exponential function. The concept of exponential smoothing is not a complex. In mathematical terms, exponential smoothing can be defined as the latest estimate of demand is equal to our old estimate adjusted by a fraction of the difference between the last period’s actual demand and the old estimate. Seasonal exponential smoothing takes into account the demand across four seasons in a year for this company. As this technique is easy to use and does not require a lot of past data, it is used in almost every type of business. This type of forecasting cannot take into account the seasonal variations that occur in each year for the demand of the company’s items. If the company uses Seasonal Forecasting method, it can take into account the seasonal variations and produce a more accurate forecast for the four seasons of 2005. Following is the forecast for year 2005. If the MAD (Mean Absolute Deviation) is considered to recommend the most accurate forecasting method then it would be the Seasonal Forecasting. The MAD

Nutrition Company Business Plan Essay Example for Free

Nutrition Company Business Plan Essay Executive summary: Bharat Food Science Nutritionals is a company which is in the market for 30 years and has been providing the highest quality formulations in Nutritional Supplement Industry for both human and animal needs. Main objective is to provide Humans with required nutritional supplements and make them healthier and more productive. It is known that low socio-economics groups just eat enough to survive. Our objective is to include these people to improve their health and make them fit. Our Mission is Nutritious Nation. Our company is committed to providing nutrition to promote maximum fitness and overall better health Our Vision includes in next 10 years is to provide a Healthy India. Helping as many people as we can. â€Å"There should be no selling of a girl due to lack of food.† Our products are so reliable which has lead us to good profits. Now we are developing new strategies to include low socio-economic people. Company summary: Bharat Food Science Nutritionals, for over 30 years our company has provided the highest quality formulations in the Nutritional Supplement Industry for both human and animal needs. We do research, develop, manufacture and distribute a variety of dietary supplements, protein bars, soups, meals, fiber drinks and fortified beverages. Our company has a base of products for the Vitamin/Nutrition, and Pharmaceutical industries. The diverse product line contains many value-added granulations and custom formulations. Baby foods formulated to supplement your babys diet. Our patented, GRAS-designated ingredients are designed for the nutritional supplement, functional food and beverage, cosmetic and animal nutrition market. Our employees are dedicated to an unmatched commitment of quality and service for every product we produce. High level of supervision goes into the production process. Our products provide the most effective dietary supplements to promote maximum fitness and overall better health. WHO recognizes that poverty, social inequality and the lack of education are the root causes of malnutrition and stresses that improvements in human welfare, including nutritional well-being, must be at the center of social and economic development efforts. To help low socio economic groups, we have determined to work together to eliminate hunger and all forms of malnutrition. Main objectives include * Famine and famine-related deaths; * Starvation and nutritional deficiency diseases in communities affected by natural and man-made disasters; * Iodine and vitamin A deficiencies; * Water supply for irrigation. We also pledged to reduce substantially: * Starvation and widespread chronic hunger; * Under nutrition, especially among children, women and the aged; * Other important micronutrient deficiencies, including iron; * Diet-related communicable and non-communicable diseases; * Social and other impediments to optimal breast-feeding; * Inadequate sanitation and poor hygiene, including unsafe drinking water. We took a large portion of our profit to start these programs. Selected volunteers will educate the people about the importance of nutrition and proper food intake. Pregnant ladies are supervised and informed about their special nutrition requirements; we provide free samples of iron, iodine and vitamins for this category of females. Explaining the importance of breast feeding will encourage the children feeding on breast milk to be immune to diseases in a natural way. Saving the rain water is very much important for irrigation. Amartyasen , a well-known Economist who needs no introduction says that â€Å"There is enough food available for everyone but the ability to buy food is lacking† Hence we also want to create opportunities to raise their income. As most of the rural people are based on agriculture, we focus on development of agriculture as well. Teaching villagers the techniques to save rain water and usage of optimal ground water will help them in agricultural purposes. Our company has tie-ups with Agro-seeds Company. They provide high yielding variety of seeds. We will provide these seeds at subsidized rates to the farmers so that they can get high yielding crops and good income. â€Å"JEENA† is the name of the program in which we have included all these activities. Jeena basically focuses on improving the health and fitness of low socio-economic individuals and thereby improving their wellbeing. Customer identification is the primary setup. Since urban people are now being educated and know the importance of nutrition, our products are gaining importance. We market our products to all locations. And especially to doctors, they prescribe the drugs to the required people. But in rural areas and people with low income it is difficult to find customers. Hence by giving our products at subsidized rates will encourage the low income individuals to take nutrition supplements. Creating the awareness about the problems faced because of malnutrition will encourage everyone to consume the nutritious diet. There are many questions which are unaddressed in regard to the approach. They can be potential risks involved in the business. Risks may be categorized as Threats, this can be from political view or catastrophic (e.g. Natural disaster or critical public infrastructure failures) or climate changes. Other risk is it can be vulnerable i.e. chances of undesirable outcome. Though our products are approved by FDA, few people with other diseases may not find it suitable for them, especially animal products. Finding sufficient number of volunteers to go and create awareness is another challenge. To see the Change it takes cost and time as the variables. In places like Ramnad, water lords may restrict our activities. People may not behave as expected and it is difficult to judge their behavior. As per poor economics, low income individuals are not willing to spend more on food even if their salary increases. Such unpredictable human nature may hinder the plan. To mitigate the risk, our risk management system is aiming to address the uncertainty in the market place. They create controls and countermeasures to minimize or eliminate the disruption, loss or damage to business operations and shorten recovery time from unwanted event and thereby reducing its impact on business. Taking the help of surveys and questionnaires will help us to know the loopholes in our process. Educating people will solve most of the unwanted probability of our program being successful. Marketing our products to the remote locations will increase its demand and it will be easily accepted by low socio economic groups. To avoid the side effects, we do preliminary health diagnosis of the person and give the appropriate supplements. Making profit is not our motto but we do have profits. We have huge profits in the commercial business. A big portion of it goes to help the low socio-economic people. Apart from that we follow a scheme in which we made all our customers and people in villages who are being benefitted by us to involve in a scheme under â€Å"Jeena†, in which each person pays a small token of money. All this money is in turn used for their own benefit. People taking nutritious food indicates that they are more tall and healthy who have more production. More productivity leads to higher profits. There are few short-term and long-term plans in our plan. But our program of â€Å"Jeena† will definitely make big difference in near future.

Holiday On Mackinaw Island :: essays research papers

Audience: Vacation Takers, Recommended for Over 20 Years OldAlthough Mackinaw Island is very small, it is very beautiful and has lots of exciting activities, such as bicycling, horseback riding, buggy riding, and fudge shopping. Mackinaw Island is located in the upper part of Michigan between Lake Huron, Lake Michigan and Lake Superior. It makes a perfect place for a quick getaway. The tourist season runs from mid-May to mid-October. The Island, being only 8.2 miles around, looks like a small old-fashioned town. Mackinaw Island is usually packed with people making the main road look narrow. Often fifty bicycles or more are parked on both sides of the road every 300 feet. People are walking in every direction. Horses walk on the right side of the street and horse buggies wait to pick up passengers. The place looks very congested and it doesn't look like an enjoyable vacation spot but a little farther away from the downtown area peace and beauty exists.Mackinaw Island has beautiful scenery. One unique place, the Arch Rock, looks very neat. It towers above the tourists. The rock has a huge round hole carved in it making it resemble like a donut hole. It is about fifteen to twenty feet in diameter. Through the hole, tourists can only see the bicycle path and Lake View. The lake has clear blue water. One of the other attractive places it has is the butterfly house. Hundreds of butterflies fly around the house. When they get tired, they sit on one of the wire fences. They are in every size and color. Some of them look like ladybugs and others look like zebras with black and white stripes.Mackinaw Island has lots of activities to do from riding bicycles to horse carriage tours. Motorized vehicles are not allowed on the Island. One of the exciting activities the Island has is the bicycle riding, which is different from other bicycle rides because it is around the shoreline. The bicycle path is seven miles around the shoreline road. The path is very peaceful, unlike the Island's downtown area. Signs on brown boards on the left side of the road describe the next upcoming scenery. Wherever there is scenery to view there is a special parking place for the bicycles. When tourists get tired while riding bicycles they can just pull over on the side and sit along the lake and enjoy the sun and the Lake View.

What Has Suddenly Made People Across the World Willing to Pay Three to Four Times More for a Cup of Coffee Than They Used to?

Topic: Topic Question No. 3, McDonald’s (from Week 12 case study ‘China’s Big Mac Attack’ ) and its strategic appreciation using SWOT analysis and its possible future developments -Introduction- This paper analyses possible development in McDonald’s’ future based on the strategic appreciation using SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats). Firstly, the paper briefly explains the outline of the case study. Secondly, it identifies the organisation’s current mission, objectives and strategies. Then the argument moves onto SWOT analysis. In this part, the paper analyses the environment in which McDonald’s is given, and the opportunities and threats are identified. The organisation’s resources are also analysed and it identifies strengths and weaknesses. In next chapter of the paper, it conjectures possible future strategies formulated within the organisation. Subsequently, the implementation of strategies is discussed. Lastly, the evaluation of results carried out by the organization concludes this paper. The case study entitled ‘China’s Big Mac Attack’ written by James L. Watson focuses on how McDonald’s – a leading American fast-food franchise – could accomplish to break down a barrier of Eastern Asian dietary habits and expand its franchisee territories. According to the case study, McDonald’s ought to be considered not only as an outstanding international mega-hamburger chain but also as a representative of the cultural message transmitted through Hollywood and other American culture. The author points out that even though McDonald’s franchises outside the United States are mostly operated and managed by non-American franchisees, its distinguishing double arches of McDonald’s always represent the United States of America as Stars and Stripes does. This fact shows both pros and cons, which are explained later on in this paper. In China, a rise of new middle classes and its single-child family policy accelerate the expansion of McDonald’s chain, which is also caused by a rise in the amount of money and attention lavished on children. This enormous social and cultural change is certainly a reason why McDonald’s managed to have become so prominent in China. This globalization (Westernization or in other words Americanization) has also caused new type of localization. Just as any other multinationals such as Nokia, Sony, General Motors and Starbucks, McDonald’s is no longer American company but Chinese, German, Brazilian, Indian and Japanese company. The detail is explained afterwards. It also must be noticed that McDonald’s has changed people’s behaviour in China e. g. lining up when they order or wait for meals. McDonald’s stunning strategy is not only exclusive in its franchise but also its unique management system. Hamburger University in Oak Brook, Illinois – McDonald’s world-wide management training center – is designed exclusively to instruct personnel employed by McDonald's Corporation or employed by McDonald’s Independent Franchisees in the various aspects of the business. (www. mcdonald’s. com) The author notices the importance of McDonald’s in China as a public space where local students and elderly gather and socialize. McDonald’s proudly shows its highly guaranteed food quality management. This trust also helped McDonald’s to become a dominant fast food chain in China. An imitation of brand image and products is considered to be harmful and aging population due to single-child family policy may well require McDonald’s to change its customer target segment. What’s McDonald’s’ current mission, objectives and strategies? Every organization holds its own mission, objectives and strategies – so does McDonald’s. McDonald’s was firstly founded in Illinois, the United States, in order to provide affordable meals to everyone anywhere. As the company grows, the company has continuously developed its brand image and moved its customer target segment onto children. (http://www. mcspotlight. org/media/press/index_mcds. shtml) The child-friendly atmosphere and its family-oriented space provided by McDonald’s has amazed substantial number of customers. McDonald’s greedily sought after its market overseas. According to the case study, McDonald’s today has more than 25000 outlets in 119 countries, and most of the corporation’s revenues now come from operations outside the United states, and a new restaurant opens somewhere in the world every 17 hours. Above all, it is most likely that McDonald’s current objective is to acquire the market share and pursue further establishment and standardization of its strong brand image. As strategies, recently McDonald’s rapidly expands its market share in developing countries as depicted in the case studies in China, Russia and East Europe and moreover India. It uses the image of a lighter side of American sub culture and represents a ‘gate to the world’ for customers mainly in developing countries. As to be shown in its clean toilet policy, shops are kept clean and they create a good family-friendly atmosphere. On the top of it, its strict food safe guarantee system is one of the stunning strategies of MacDonald’s. Mac’s child-friendly strategy is a key of its expansion strategy. American-style birthday parties, Ronald Room, toys and happy meals are concrete examples of the strategy. Also ‘localization’ policy must be noticed at this stage. James Cantalupo, the president of McDonald’s Corporation, remarks that his strategy is to become as much a part of local culture as possible and protests when people call McDonald’s a multinational or transnational. I like to call us multilocal,† he told The Christian Science Monitor in 1991. The another eminent strategy introduced by McDonald’s is ‘self-service’. Customers line up, self-seat and clean up by themselves. It facilitates customer rotation within shops and enables cost-saving shop keepings. SWOT analysis consists of an organisation’s strengths and weaknesses, and its e nvironmental opportunities and threats. SWOT analysis is useful to identify a strategic niche that the organization might exploit. [pic] Identifying the organization’s opportunities Firstly, the environment in which McDonald’s is given varies from place to place. Analysing the environment is a critical component of the strategy process since successful companies have a strategy that aligns well with the environment. Wherever people dwell in the world, there is always a demand for fast food restaurant. McDonald’s main consumer target, middle-classed family, is everywhere in any countries. Thinking of other competitors within the same market such as Hungry Jacks (Burger King), Jack in the Box and KFC, McDonald’s focuses more on the children as a target rather than the other age groups. This can differentiate McDonald’s from other fast food chains. The external environment seems to be best-suited to MacDonald’s. (see ‘opportunities in the environment’ in the above figure. ) Secondly, resources that McDonald’s acquires are well-known brand name, distinguishingly unique, safe and nutritious food, an abundant workforce supply due to its relatively easy manual work, and its strong franchising management system. As stated above, McDonald’s has achieved to build its powerful brand name over years and its trust, reputation and core customers are considered as precious assets of the company. The fact that anyone can open a new McDonald’s anywhere using its strong brand name facilitates its fast growth. Its original franchise management theory is also one of the resources McDonald’s owns. (see ‘organisation’s resources/abilities in the above figure. ) According to the environment and resources noticed above, the organisation’s opportunities are determined. (see ‘Organisation’s opportunities in the above figure. ) Positive American image is one of the positive external environmental factors. So is wide recognition of its brand image. But more importantly, an ease of access reasonable part-time workforce specializing manual work, the fact that it only needs limited ingredients available everywhere such as potato, chicken, etc should be remarked. Especially, in a developing country such as China, the radical social change can be an opportunity for McDonald’s. As noticed above, single-child policy and a rise of middle classes and a collapse of outdated Confucian family system resulted from rapid expansion of McDonald’s in China. On the contrary to this, there are some threats – negative external environmental factors. Being a representative of American cultural imperialism can be harmful when a strong Anti-Americanism outbreaks outside the U. S.. MacDonald’s in Mexico City, Rome, Macao, Rio de Janeiro, Prague, London, Jakarta and Beijing have been attacked and boycotted by protestors. Another environmental threat is its food safety. Mad Cow disease and Foot and Mouth disease caused a slaughter of thousands of livestock in Europe. The market has been immensely damaged including a supply chain of Mac’s ingredients. There is a big concern for franchisees of McDonald’s in China i. e. rapid aging population caused by single-child family policy. This rapid environmental change may well eventually force MacDonald’s to switchover its targeted customers to elderly people. The plagiarism of McDonald’s idea and strategies done by the competitors is also considered as a critical threat. Some fast food chains can be mighty rivals for McDonald’s if they tried to be more localized and lower the price. Strengths (activities the firm does well or resources it controls) of McDonald’s are its promotion strategy mainly focusing on children, being capable to provide the same menus, tastes and design of shops all over the world, and its strict quality control not only over food quality but also over quality of shops. A huge customer capacity and its fast rotation generate a massive amount of sales in a short time. Talking about weaknesses of McDonald’s, it is firstly pointed out that a typical image of McDonald’s is ‘junk food’. It means that the food obtained at McDonald’s is unhealthy, bad for diet, tasteless and low quality. As many can easily realize that McDonald’s cannot compete with luxurious cuisine restaurants in terms of its variety, taste, quality, nutrition and luxurious image. Those who care for health and weight may try to avoid McDonald’s due to its ‘junk food’ preconception. SWOT analysis and grand strategies Valuable strengths Critical weaknesses Abundant environmentalcritical environmental opportunities threats Now, based on the above-stated SWOT analysis, possible developments in the organisation’s future are outlined. According to the SWOT analysis, and other investigation into Mac’s activities, McDonald’s is currently implementing ‘Corporate Growth Strategies’ which is placed in the left above of the figure above. It is acquiring valuable strengths and abundant environmental opportunities. Since McDonald’s’ market share is rapidly growing, McDonald’s may well be taking corporate growth strategies until it reaches a maturity stage or moves onto a decline stage. McDonald’s is still one of the fastest growing companies and considered to be on a growth stage. The corporate strategies implemented by McDonald’s are still active and it will most likely hold current strategies in the future. By implementation of its strategies, McDonald’s will seek markets mainly in developing countries as its markets in developed countries are mostly saturated. Next possible destinations may include South-East Asia, Sub-continental region, South America and East Europe including Russia. It might firstly emphasis its American image initially then it will be eventually localized and integrated into each of the societies naturally as it is perfectly exemplified in China. -Conclusion- Consequently, the possible results, which McDonald’s will show are evaluated. This Mac type globalization is not exclusive to fast food chain. It is also observed in other industries, for example, computer and communication industries. McDonald’s is no longer small company, which is always influenced by the environment it is given but conversely, it can change and influence the environment itself. McDonald’s will continue to expand itself until people start becoming satiated with its tastes and image or a strong rival against McDonald’s emerges. But McDonald’s will probably change the strategies or its targeted customers in order to survive. Even if McDonald’s starts declining, the strategies used by McDonald’s will never be forgotten since they are one of the most prominent and effective management strategies ever to have been established. BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOK Robbins, S. , Bergman, R. , Stagg, I. , Coulter, M. , 2000. MANAGEMENT 2ND EDITION. NSW: Pearson Education Australia Pty Ltd. JORNAL Watson, J, W. , May-June 2000. ‘China’s Big Mack Attack’ Foreign Affairs. Pp. 120-134. WEB SITES http://www. mcdonalds. com/ http://www. media. mcdonalds. com/secured/index. html http://www. mcspotlight. org/media/press/index_mcds. shtml ———————– Corporate growth strategies McDonald’s Corporate stability strategies Corporate stability strategies Corporate retrenchment strategies Firm Status Environmental Status

Human Migration Essay

Human migration is the movement by people from one place to another with the intention of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. The movement is typically over long distances and from one country to another, but internal migration is also possible. Migration may be individuals, family units or in large groups. Immigration is the movement of people into a country to which they are not native in order to settle there, especially as permanent residents or future citizens. Immigrants are motivated to leave their native countries for a variety of reasons, including a lack of local access to resources, a desire for economic prosperity, family re-unification, escape from prejudice, conflict or natural disaster, or simply the wish to change one’s surroundings. 1. Build background about human migration and types of migration. Explain to students that human migration is the movement of people from one place in the world to another. Ask: What are some different types of human movements? Then tell students that people move for many reasons, and that types of human migration include: †¢internal migration: moving within a state, country, or continent †¢external migration: moving to a different state, country, or continent †¢emigration: leaving one country to move to another †¢immigration: moving into a new country †¢return migration: moving back to where you came from †¢seasonal migration: moving with each season or in response to labor or climate conditions 2. Discuss people who migrate. Tell students that people who migrate fall into several categories: †¢An emigrant is a person who is leaving one country to live in another. †¢An immigrant is a person who is entering a country from another to make a new home. †¢A refugee is a person who has moved to a new country because of a problem in their former home Have students provide specific examples of each to demonstrate understanding of the differences between the three terms. 3. Brainstorm reasons for migrating. Ask: Why do people move? What forces do you think drive human migration? Then explain to students that people move for many reasons and that those reasons are called push factors and pull factors. Tell students that push factors include leaving a place because of a problem, such as a food shortage, war, or flood. Tell students that pull factors include moving to a place because of something good, such as a nicer climate, more job opportunities, or a better food supply. Ask: What effect does a region’s economy; climate, politics, and culture have on migration to and from the area? Have students brainstorm additional reasons for migrating, such as displacement by a natural disaster, lack of natural resources, the state of an economy, and more. The relatively permanent movement of people across territorial boundaries is referred to as in migration and out-migration, or immigration and emigration when the boundaries crossed are international. The place of in-migration or immigration is called the receiver population, and the place of out-migration or emigration is called the sender population. There are two basic types of migration studied by demographers: 1.Internal migration. This refers to a change of residence within national boundaries, such as between states, provinces, cities, or municipalities. An internal migrant is someone who moves to a different administrative territory. 2.International migration. This refers to change of residence over national boundaries. An international migrant is someone who moves to a different country. International migrants are further classified as legal immigrants, illegal immigrants, and refugees. Legal immigrants are those who moved with the legal permission of the receiver nation, illegal immigrants are those who moved without legal permission, and refugees are those crossed an international boundary to escape persecution. Jay Weinstein and Vijayan Pillai (2001) denote a third classification: forced migration. Forced migration exists when a person is moved against their will (slaves), or when the move is initiated because of external factors (natural disaster or civil war). The distinction between internal and international migration is crucial because they happen for different reasons. Because structural barriers are more likely to impede the mobility of a potential international migrant than an internal migrant—international migration involves more administrative procedures, greater expense, and more difficulties associated  with obtaining employment, accessing state services, learning a new language, and the like—the motivations behind international migration are usually stronger than those behind internal migration (Weeks 1999). Why do people migrate? People have moved from their home countries for centuries, for all sorts of reasons. Some are drawn to new places by ‘pull ‘ factors, others find it difficult to remain where they are and migrate because of ‘push’ factors. These have contributed to the recent movement of people here but are also the reason why people from here have emigrated to other countries. Over 80 million people in the world have Irish blood; 36.5 million US residents claimed Irish ancestry in 2007. Historically some were transported or sold into slavery or left because of poverty, hunger, persecution, discrimination, civil war, unemployment and, more recently, simply for education and better jobs. Migrant numbers have risen rapidly in the last decade. In 2013 there were thought to be over 230 million international migrants. Pull Factors Migrants are drawn increasingly to countries such as the UK and Ireland by the following factors: †¢Developed countries, or industrialised city areas within countries, draw labour from countries or areas where incomes are lower. †¢International transport has never been easier and is cheaper than ever, relative to incomes. †¢The telephone and internet make it easier to access information. †¢Falling birth rates in developed countries contribute to labour shortages and skills gaps. †¢Extra people are required when there is rapid economic expansion. †¢People are drawn to stable democracies where human rights and religious freedoms are more likely to be respected. †¢Many people in other parts of the world speak English. †¢Young people move in order to get better jobs or improve their qualifications, including their language skills. Push Factors Negative factors at home add to the reasons why people feel compelled to move. †¢Lack of prospects for career advancement †¢Poverty and low incomes †¢High unemployment rates †¢Persecution and poor human rights †¢Internal conflict and war †¢Natural disasters, climate change and famine THE IMMIGRATION The immigration, as a decision made by a person is an act that occurs, because of some factors especially in the under developed countries and the most important causes or reasons are mainly social reasons, politic reasons and economic reasons. For the first reason which is the social one , the underdeveloped countries know and suffer from crisis at the economic level, this factor leads the people to immigrates abroad in order togain money , and find a work. Also, poverty leads many people and pushes them to search for a work and gain money to solve their problems and afford their needs, but this isn’t available or easy to reach in their home country, so that they choose to travel abroad where the work is available and the cost of living isn’t rising, and where they can improve their social situation. For the second reason, which is politic, and as we know, in some countries especially the underdeveloped one there is some civil wars between the citizenship, this fact means that there is no peace in that country and automatically we know that when there is no peace there is no normal life, because when the war start it damaged anything and everyone who is in front of it, and because of all that some people choose to travel abroad and avoid any trouble caused by the war. At least, and for the third reason, which is the economic one, the most underdeveloped countries suffer from the low salaries that the workers get, which push many of them to think of the immigration. Also, those countries don’t afford for all the people enough jobs especially for the younger’s that are considered as new comers to the job market where they shocked when they discover that there isn’t enough jobs for them and so that their decision will be surely to travel abroad or to immigrate definitively . But the most dangerous problem is that some  younger’s travel even if they have high degrees in different domains and this will leads those countries to fall in the problem of BRAIN DRAIN, so that their immigration could be a great loss for their countries, especially in a time where there countries are in a great need for their knowledge. Finally, and in my opinion I think that every under country must afford enough jobs, especially for the Youngers those that are considered as the future of the country, and try to reduce the social problems and then stop the immigration.

21 Awesome Email Marketing Examples To Inspire Your Own

21 Awesome Email Marketing Examples To Inspire Your Own If you’ve worked in marketing long enough, you’ve probably been asked one of these questions: â€Å"Before we move forward, do you have an example of this working for another brand?† â€Å"Can you show me how our work compares to other companies?† â€Å"Did you research any examples before putting this together?† Odds are one of those questions might have sent you back to the drawing point. At that point, you probably asked yourself one of the following, too: â€Å"I wonder how other companies do this?† â€Å"It’d be cool if I could see some samples for this from another brand. If only †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Is our tactical execution keeping pace with the industry?† And that’s why you’re here. You’re an email marketer, and you need examples to follow. That includes: Newsletter designs to inspire your own. Crafty copy that’ll help spark your creative genius. Technical concepts that make you wonder, â€Å"Why didn’t I think of that?† You’ll find all that here, plus a smattering of templates to help you act on your inspiration. Get Inspired Now With 21 Examples of Awesome Email Marketing From @Get Inspired With 21 Awesome Examples then execute your own email marketing better with these free templates: Email Marketing Calendar: Plan your work, then work your plan! Stop wondering when each email will send and start using a calendar. Email Newsletter Template: Streamline your email copywriting process. Welcome Email Newsletter Template: Write better welcome emails for new subscribers with this simple template. And if you’re searching for tools to help organize and execute better email marketing, get started with . It’s the ultimate all-in-one marketing management platform for planning and executing everything you need to get done. Plus, it integrates with key email service providers like MailChimp, ActiveCampaign, Constant Contact, and Campaign Monitor, so your marketing team can have full visibility of every email you deliver on one comprehensive marketing calendar. Or, start a free 14-day trial. Did you know you can manage email #marketing with @?What Will These Examples Demonstrate? Before digging into each example newsletter below, here’s what each will be evaluated on: Who sent this email?  There’s a mix of major brands, media companies, bloggers, and more. What makes it work?  From design to copy and beyond, each one offers at least one takeaway you can act on. How can you emulate it?  Quick tips and links to external resources to help you implement what you learn. Table of Contents: Sample Emails From 21 Brands You Know Nike Threadless Webpage FX Hotjar Siege Media Nintendo The Verge Think With Google Starbucks Humble Bundle Lifehacker LeadPages Zapier Trello Copyblogger Bonjoro Bird Dogs Mozilla Book Riot Microsoft AdobeSample Emails From 21 Brands You Know 1. Nike This seasonal email from Nike is just in time for summer. The design is simple, the copy is minimal, and overall, it gets right to the point. The CTA buttons prioritize the Men’s section (likely based on my demographic info when I joined their list), but were I shopping for family (say, kids), those options are presented, too. With its sand-like background color, it also invokes beach imagery. How to Emulate This Example Visually, this email relies on sharp photography and creative product layout. That, combined with concise copy, leads to a crisp and uncluttered design that keeps the focus on the product. Here’s what you’ll need: High-quality product photography. If you have a photographer on staff, you’re golden. Otherwise, investing in a DSLR  and learning the basics of photo composition  may help. Understand how to use list segmentation. And send emails with the most optimal CTA to different segments. For example, another version of this email could have been sent to women. For such a simple email, there’s a little bit more happening here than it appears. Check out this great #email #marketing example from @Nike 2. Threadless Creative clothing and decor retailer Threadless has a strong visual brand. That comes across in their email marketing. This email starts with striking imagery and an intriguing value proposition (new designs). It doesn’t waste time providing the CTA button to check them out, either. Beneath that, a giveaway offer smartly shows how their prize products might look in a living space. The â€Å"Last Chance!† copy helps build some urgency, too. The next content section shows how their shirt looks on someone actually wearing it. Plus, it incorporates a quote from the artist who designed it. This last portion at the bottom includes something creative that’s easy to miss, too. Instead of generic â€Å"UPDATE YOUR EMAIL PREFERENCES† copy, it reads â€Å"GET BETTER EMAILS.† That puts the recipient first and offers a benefit rather than a command. How to Emulate This Example Threadless has exceptional visual design. Even if your company doesn’t, there are still a few things you can take away from this. Infuse your copy with urgency. This guide from Copyblogger  will help you there. Use benefit-driven CTAs. Copy like â€Å"Shop Now† and â€Å"Enter Here† are clear and simple. If there are ways to more directly sell a benefit, though, consider experimenting. Include quotes. People love ‘em. They can also help add visual interest to your copy (particularly if you don’t have access to top-quality design). @threadless nailed this awesome #marketing email. Check it out via @ 3. Webpage FX This Pennsylvania-based agency sometimes sends emails that are written like full blog posts. Ordinarily, you might think this goes against best practice, because no one will read the post on your site if they can get it in their email. But, is that a problem as long as they’re getting your content? That appears to be the logic here, because instead of sending readers somewhere else to read, they smartly link out to a call to action (turning three clicks from email to blog to CTA down to just two, from the email to a landing page). In-line images even use directional markup like they would in a blog post: Then, once they have the reader hooked, they let them know, â€Å"Hey, our agency can help you execute this.† It’s a great example of offering enough information to be helpful, but leaving enough out to where one might want some assistance. How to Emulate This Example This is simple: Write your email like a typical how-to blog post. You can get help on that here. Then, drop a relevant and high-value call-to-action into your content. Here’s what you need to know about writing compelling CTAs. Effectively, instead of using email to get blog traffic, you’re creating the same content and cutting out a step between the reader getting to your site and actually converting. That’s smart. Check out this creative email #marketing format from @webpagefx 4. Hotjar Plain text doesn’t have to be plain. This example from Hot Jar uses appealing fonts and color coordination to make a simple email promoting a podcast episode look great. Below, they tempt listeners to click with a free t-shirt offer (and use some simple visual styling to make things look a little more interesting): David’s mugshot even uses a color filter effect to make it stand out. How to Emulate This Example There’s not much to this one but it works exceptionally well. Even if you’re not a design wizard, you can still make your plain text emails look anything but boring. Pick two or three colors to use. Ideally, ones your brand already uses. You can learn all about color psychology in marketing (and snag a free HEX color chart) here. Use the HEX color codes in the post linked above to pick colors you know will look good together. Never mind if you think you have an eye for what looks good. That post will keep you on the right track. Then, when creating an email in your email platform, use those colors on your buttons and background styling. This #email campaign from @hotjar sets a great example to follow: 5. Siege Media Here’s another example of an awesome plain text email. It keeps things skimmable by using single-sentence paragraphs and getting right to the point (this especially makes reading on small phone screens easier). How to Emulate This Example This is even more simple than the Hot Jar example before. Simply use a color that’s used in your logo or branding, and adjust the color of your link highlighting and buttons in your email service provider. Keep your copy tight and concise, and you might be surprised how much better your email looks. This email #marketing example from @siegemedia shows plain-text doesn't have to be boring 6. Nintendo This email from Nintendo makes creative use of an embedded GIF. Not only does it look cool, but it ties in well with the Nintendo Labo’s marketing tagline: Directly beneath that is a CTA with a cardboard-like texture, invoking the Labo’s cardboard design: Next, it shows off some things that can be created with the Labo: The last call-to-action is for a contest that plays off creativity and gets the reader engaged: How to Emulate This Example You might not have the brand recognition of Nintendo. But, don’t let that stop you from turning this awesome email into actionable inspiration: Experiment with GIF email headers. GIF Maker from GIPHY  is a great free tool for doing this the easy way. This guide from Lifehacker  offers more options, from free to Photoshop. Incorporate visual elements from your product in your email design. The Labo is a cardboard kit that can be turned into all kinds of different devices. So, the email uses a cardboard-like backdrop texture. Think about what colors or textures your product invokes and collaborate with a designer to incorporate them. BRB, I need to order a Labo now. Want to do #email #marketing like @NintendoAmerica? Get started with some inspiration here: 7. The Verge Here’s another example of plain text being anything but plain. By using a stylish yet understated header, an interesting font that fits their tech-centric aesthetic, and a little bit of color (borrowing the pink shade from their visual identity system), the Verge makes their daily email update look awesome. How to Emulate this Example There are a few things going on here that can easily be replicated: Use a consistent header graphic: Try creating one with Canva or work with your design team to create something simple. Change your linked text color: Make it match your branding. Keep your copy conversational. Rather than just blast out links, each edition of their newsletter opens with a light and conversational intro. Here's how to make roundup #email newsletters more interesting like @verge 8. Think With Google As this email from Google demonstrates, sometimes less is more. If you have something specific to share, sometimes focusing on that one thing is the way to go, rather than weighing down your email with extraneous content. How to Emulate This Example If you have something important to share, or something that’s a priority to drive traffic toward, send a simple email promoting nothing else but that one thing. One headline, four sentences, and a button should be all you need. How does @ThinkwithGoogle keep #marketing emails simple yet compelling? 9. Starbucks Welcome emails don’t have to be complicated to be effective. This one from Starbucks is visually appealing and clearly communicates when the recipient can expect. How to Emulate This Example If you don’t have welcome emails set up for new subscribers (whether a single message or a conversion-optimized email flow), create one. Get started with Scott Cohen’s guide. Check out this simple yet effective #email #marketing example from Starbucks (plus 20 other brands) 10. Humble Bundle You might have an awesome offer that your audience wants to act on, but just not right now. This example from entertainment media subscription service Humble Bundle gives recipients the option to be reminded about the offer, rather than having to take action right away. Clicking the Remind Me link directs users to the same landing page as the offer button on the left, but prompts this pop-up: Clicking the link ensures you’ll get a follow-up email. How to Emulate This Example Create a call-to-action that’ll either send your email again at a later date (before the offer expires) or adds recipients to a list segment to receive a reminder. Here’s how to use click segmentation in each of four popular ESPs: Constant Contact MailChimp Campaign Monitor Active Campaign This is a bit of a complex process, but essentially, you want to get someone who clicks that button to get added to a segment that will send them a reminder email. If you have an automation expert at your company, work with them to get this set up. How can you use email reminders like this example from Humble Bundle? 11. Lifehacker Email newsletters often link out to multiple articles in a straight line. Lifehacker breaks theirs up using content blocks of various sizes to make it more visually interesting. Note the block for sponsored content here, too: How to Emulate This Example This is as simple as creating a newsletter design that uses content blocks of differing sizes. Don’t go too overboard, but starting with a single column width for your most important content, then including ads, sponsored content, related link, and other content in smaller boxes beneath that is a good start. Limit yourself to two or three different formats. Check out this #email newsletter example from Lifehacker (and 20 other brands) 12. LeadPages The best email marketing often feels like a conversation. This copy from LeadPages nails it. The message opens with a relatable anecdote, then leads into what the email is all about. How to Emulate This Example Write your copy as if you’re talking to an actual person. If you’re struggling to break the grasp of corporate-speak from your copy, start with this great guide from Copyblogger. How can you make email copy more conversational? Follow this example from LeadPages 13. Zapier Want to get people to open an email? Imply they might have a problem they’re unaware of, then offer a solution. This email from Zapier uses a little bit of empathy to soften the blow, too, relating the fact that the writer themself struggles with that same problem. Nobody wants to feel like they’re the only one. How to Emulate This Example This email follows the classic Problem-Agitate-Solve (PAS) copywriting formula: Problem: Identify something your audience struggles with. Agitate: Remind them of how much that problem is a pain. Solve: Promise a solution. That’s it. From the headline to the CTA button, this email moves through all three stages concisely. How can empathy make email more engaging? Check out this example from @zapier 14. Trello CTA button copy like â€Å"Read More† and â€Å"Click Here† are common and, well, boring. This email from Trello uses much better action-driven copy that’s unique and relevant. How to Emulate This Example Avoid the temptation to write boring button copy and think of something more interesting. But, don’t jump to something creative for creativity’s sake. Make sure you’re asking people to do something relevant to the task at hand. For example, if you were writing a button to drive email signups, instead of â€Å"Signup Here,† you could try something like â€Å"Be Smarter† or â€Å"Learn Our Secrets.† Something that implies a benefit for the recipient. How does @trello make email button copy more compelling? Check out this example: 15. Copyblogger This email from Copyblogger mixes up different types of content to hook readers in and give them what they want. It opens with a nice conversational intro: Followed by a clean and crisp CTA: And additional content blocks with new and related articles: Note that the button copy encourages engagement by asking recipients to comment in addition to reading. How to Emulate This Example Follow this email content format: Conversational lead story. This is the piece your subject line should promote. A relevant call-to-action. See if you get more conversions placing it near the middle of your email. Related content. This can be a mix of your own content, or curated sources. Together, each of these elements: Hooks the reader in with casual and conversational copy. Includes a CTA in the middle of the email, where they’re more likely to see it, rather than near the end. Includes tons of relevant content, so the reader is more likely to find something they’re interested in, even if the lead story doesn’t hook their interest. How can marketers format emails like @copyblogger? Check out this example (plus see samples from 20... 16. Bonjoro Bonjoro does a great job of giving their emails personality. The copy is brisk, light, and conversational. Their graphics are well-designed and aren’t afraid to have a little fun. It’s all understated yet crisp, dabbling in humor without going overboard. Check out this header and intro copy: Followed up with an embedded video: And a graphic that works in some nice Mario fireballs and fun copy: This is great because it shows off the company’s quirks while sharing valuable info. How to Emulate This Example Let your company’s personality shine through in your email copy. Whether that’s light and fun, or authoritative and serious, make your emails sound like who you are. This video from Pixel Ink does a great job explaining how to understand brand tone and voice: And this video guide from Copyhackers  explains how to edit email for tone and voice well. How can you infuse personality into your email newsletter copy? Check out this example from Bonjoro... 17. Bird Dogs Men’s shorts company Bird Dogs aren’t afraid of getting NSFW. Not an approach that works for everyone, but works extremely well for reaching their audience. Here’s a fairly tame example of their sense of humor: And their creative approach to product naming conventions: How to Emulate This Example Shorts aren’t the first thing most people think of when they think about †¦ well, anything, ever. Unless you’re getting dressed for a summer day, most of us don’t care that much about shorts. So, if you have a product that’s mostly utilitarian, or just something that’s not super jump-off-the-screen exciting, make it not boring. That can be as simple as writing loose copy that feels like it came from a real person, to making full-blown comedy what you stake your brand on (you need to be good if you’re going to go this route). How can email marketing make ordinary product categories more interesting? See how Bird Dogs does... 18. Mozilla If you subscribe to lots of email newsletters (and most marketers probably do), it can easy to forget who or what exactly some things are that end up in your inbox. While Mozilla is extremely recognizable, you might not be familiar with their IRL Podcast. So, they smartly include explainer boilerplate copy at the end of their email promoting each episode, reminding you what this specific thing from Mozilla is all about: How to Emulate This Example If you send emails to promote a recurring content series (like a podcast, YouTube show, or something else), include something at the end reminding recipients what it’s all about. This will help build awareness around your series or show and help people separate those emails from your other newsletters, offers, and general email content. People get a lot of email. How do you remind them who you are (in case they might have forgotten)? 19. Book Riot Book Riot packs a ton of information and value into their events newsletter. The intro copy is fairly standard: Followed by some sponsored content (an easy way to monetize your list): After that is an extensive listing of book-related events: Including more events for touring authors: Plus events that are upcoming: The way they keep this all from getting too repetitive is to break up the formatting in each section. Each one looks distinct, and the events are listed in order of priority. Then, at the end is a well-designed CTA graphic: Overall, this packs tons of content into a well laid out newsletter. How to Emulate This Example You can cram a lot of content into an email newsletter without it feeling like too much, as long as the visual layout is broken up to be easily skimmable. Organize content into groups and give each section its own formatting style. How can you make long email newsletters easily skimmable? Follow this example from Book Riot 20. Microsoft Want to get people engaged with your email? Make it fun and interactive. That’s exactly what Microsoft does with its rewards quiz emails. Each email features quizzes around a different theme, giving recipients a chance to earn Microsoft Rewards points they can redeem for prizes, coupons, offers, and more. After the opening question (which typically features some striking photography) there are a few more chances to win points, too: How to Emulate This Example Many email service providers integrate with quiz platforms that make creating newsletters like this easy. If you’re a MailChimp customer, consider using Fyrebox: Change up your emails with quizzes. Here's how Microsoft does it (and you can, too) 21. Adobe What if you have different tiers of customers who might be interested in similar yet different products from you? One option is to include two CTAs side-by-side and let them choose which offer is most interesting. In this example from Adobe, there are two different versions of Photoshop with identical pricing, but with different feature sets aimed at different needs. How to Emulate This Example Try offering two similar yet different products in one email to the same audience. This can help identify which is more popular, or just increase conversions by giving recipients a choice in which product to go with (rather than deciding the offer they got didn’t fit their needs).

Ten tips for high-impact documents - Emphasis

Ten tips for high-impact documents Ten tips for high-impact documents Start with the reader in mind Do they know much about the topic? Do they understand your jargon or acronyms? How important is this information to them? How interested are they in it? (Thats not the same thing.) Be sure of your core message before you start writing. Imagine you are going on TV for a three-minute interview. Could you sum up the value of your topic in three minutes? Write yourself a short statement (fewer than 30 words) that you could use as a memory aid to help you sell your topic to the interviewer. Try using it to clarify your thoughts on the issue while speaking to a trusted colleague. This will all help you keep the main message in mind when youre doing the writing itself. Be sure to make your beginning memorable If you dont grab your reader at the beginning of the document, you are wasting your time. Getting a reader started is the most difficult part of writing, but there are techniques you can use. Try starting with a surprise statement for instance, or contrasting how things were in the recent past with how they are now (in two or three sentences). Go out with a bang Good endings are almost as important as good beginnings. The last thing you want to do is leave the reader with the impression that youve just run out of things to say. Useful techniques are: looking to the future, repeating a major issue or summarising. But be careful with the last one: keep that summary to two or three sentences. Keep it short and simple Write to express, not to impress. (No flowery language.) Good ideas come across much better in plain English. That means: write the person or subject before the verb. The company received the order is better than The order was received by the company. Make your sentence structure logical Say what the sentence is about straight away, before you add extra information. Say whats happening, before you say why. Use graphics where possible We all learn in different ways. Some people like written explanations, while others are more visual and prefer graphics and illustrations. Pictures are therefore a great way of drawing visual people into your document. (Be careful with clip art, though.) So use a graph rather than a table of data, for example. Stick to two fonts Use one serif font (eg Times) for the body text and one sans serif font (eg Arial) for headings and subheadings. E-mail Limit messages to one screen and use attachments for longer messages. Find out more: About High-impact business writing. Call us or email to find out how we can help you improve your business writing.